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Mücevher
Taşlarının özellikleri
Taş
|
Renk
|
Sertlik
|
KI |
Biref. |
ÖA |
Kristal
sistem |
Kimyasal
formül |
Amber |
-
|
K |
T |
S |
-
|
-
|
Kr |
-
|
-
|
2 1/2 |
1.54 |
I |
1.05-1.10 |
non-kristalin |
organik, fosil |
Andalusit |
-
|
K |
T |
S |
Y |
-
|
Kr |
Gr |
Si |
7 1/2 |
1.63-1.64 B- |
0.007-0.013 |
3.15-3.20 |
ortorombik |
Aluminium silikat |
Apatit
(örnek) |
-
|
K |
-
|
S |
Y |
M |
Kr |
Mr |
-
|
5 |
1.63-1.64 U- |
0.002-0.006 |
3.17-3.23 |
heksagonal |
-
|
Beril |
Rz |
K |
T |
S |
Y |
M |
Kr |
Gr |
-
|
7 - 7 1/2 |
1.56-1.59 U |
.004 -.009 |
2.7to2.9 |
heksagonal |
Be3Al2(SiO3) 6 |
Cam doğal |
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
Y |
-
|
Kr |
-
|
Si |
5 - 51/2 |
1.50 |
I |
2.4 |
non-kristalin |
-
|
Cam artifisyel |
Her renk |
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
2.0 - 2.2 |
1.50ten1.70e |
I |
2.0-4.2 |
non-kristalin |
-
|
Diopsid |
-
|
-
|
-
|
S |
Y |
-
|
-
|
-
|
Si |
5 1/2 |
1.67-1.70 B+ |
0.024-0.030 |
3.26-3.32 |
monoklinik |
-
|
Elmas |
Rz |
K |
-
|
S |
Y |
-
|
Kr |
Gr |
Si |
10 |
2.42 |
I |
3.52 |
kübik |
C |
Fildişi |
-
|
-
|
-
|
S |
-
|
-
|
Kr |
Be |
-
|
2 - 3 |
1.53ten1.57e |
I |
1.7-2.0 |
non-kristalin |
organik, fosil |
Feldsparlar |
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
Ortoklaz |
Rz |
|
T |
S |
-
|
-
|
Kr |
Be |
Gr |
6 - 6 1/2 |
1.518-1.526 B- |
0.005-0.008 |
2.58 |
monoklinik |
KalSi3O8 |
Mikroklin |
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
Y |
M |
|
Be |
|
6 - 6 1/2 |
1.522-1.530 B- |
0.008 |
2.56 |
monoklinik |
-
|
Labradorit |
-
|
-
|
T |
S |
Y |
M |
Kr |
Gr |
Si |
6 - 6 1/2 |
1.559-1.568 B+ |
0.009 |
2.70 |
triklinik |
-
|
Oligoklaz |
-
|
K |
T |
S |
Y |
-
|
Kr |
Gr |
-
|
6 - 6 1/2 |
1.539-1.547 |
0.007-0.010 |
2.65 |
triklinik |
Ca veya NaAlSi3O8 |
Florit |
Mr |
-
|
-
|
-
|
Y |
M |
-
|
Vi |
-
|
4 |
1.43 ten1.44e |
I |
3.0-3.2 |
kübik |
CaF2 |
Garnet grubu |
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
almandin |
Mr |
K |
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
Kr |
-
|
-
|
7 1/2 |
1.76dan1.81e |
I |
3.8-4.2 |
kübik |
Fe3Al2(SiO4)3 |
grosular |
-
|
-
|
T |
S |
Y |
-
|
Kr |
-
|
-
|
7 1/4 |
1.74ten1.75e |
I |
3.60to3.70 |
kübik |
Ca3Al2(SiO4)3 |
pyrop |
-
|
K |
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
7 1/4 |
1.74ten1.76e |
I |
3.7-3.8 |
kübik |
Mg3Al2(SiO4)3 |
spessertin |
-
|
K |
T |
-
|
-
|
-
|
Kr |
-
|
-
|
7 1/4 |
1.80den1.82e |
I |
4.2 |
kübik |
Mn3Al2(SiO4)3 |
andradit |
-
|
-
|
-
|
S |
Y |
-
|
Kr |
-
|
-
|
6 1/2 |
1.89 |
I |
3.85 |
kübik |
Ca3Fe2(SiO4)3 |
Hematit |
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
Gr |
Si |
5 1/2 - 6 1/2 |
2.940-3.220 |
AGG |
5 |
heksagonal |
-
|
Idokraz |
-
|
-
|
-
|
S |
Y |
-
|
Kr |
Gr |
-
|
6 1/2 |
1.713-1.718U |
0.001-0.012 |
3.40 |
tetragonal |
-
|
İolit |
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
M |
Kr |
Vi |
-
|
7 - 7 1/2 |
1.54-1.56B- |
0.008-0.012 |
2.57-2.61 |
ortorombik |
-
|
Kalsit |
Rz |
K |
T |
S |
Y |
M |
Kr |
Vi |
Gr |
3 |
1.48-1.66 U- |
0.172 |
2.58-2.75 |
heksagonal |
- |
Korundum |
Rz |
K |
T |
S |
Y |
M |
Kr |
Vi |
Gr |
9 |
1.76-1.78 U |
.008 |
4 |
trigonal |
Al2O3 |
Krisoberil |
Mr |
K |
-
|
S |
Y |
M |
Kr |
-
|
-
|
8 1/2 |
1.74-1.75 B |
.009 |
3.72 |
ortorombik |
BeAl2O4 |
Kuartz |
Rz |
K |
T |
S |
Y |
M |
Kr |
Vi |
Gr |
7 |
1.544-1.553 U |
0.009 |
2.65 |
trigonal |
SiO2
|
Kuartz polikristalin |
Be |
K |
T |
S |
Y |
M |
Kr |
Vi |
Gr |
6 - 7 |
1.53 to 1.54 U |
0.009 |
2.60 |
-
|
-
|
Lapis lazuli |
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
M |
-
|
Vi |
-
|
5 1/2 |
1.50 |
AGG |
2.70-2.90 |
kübik |
-
|
Malahit |
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
Y |
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
4 |
1.85 |
AGG |
3.60-4.0 |
monoklinik |
CaMg(SiO3) |
Nefrit |
-
|
-
|
K |
-
|
Y |
Kr |
Be |
Gr |
Si |
6 1/2 |
1.62 |
AGG |
2.80-3.10 |
monoklinik |
-
|
Opal |
Rz |
K |
T |
S |
Y |
M |
Kr |
Mr |
Gr |
6 |
1.45 |
I |
bl,wh 2.10
fire 2 |
non-kristalin |
(MgFe)2(SiO3) 4 |
Peridot |
-
|
-
|
-
|
S |
Y |
-
|
Kr |
-
|
-
|
6 1/2 |
1.65-1.69 B-veya+ |
0.035 |
3.35 |
ortorombik |
(Mg,Fe)2SiO4
|
Pirit |
-
|
-
|
-
|
S |
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
6 1/2 |
|
I |
5 |
kübik |
-
|
Rodokrosit |
-
|
K |
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
Be |
-
|
-
|
4 |
1.59-1.82 U- |
0.220 |
3.5-3.7 |
heksagonal |
-
|
Rodonit |
-
|
K |
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
6 |
1.733-1.747 B+ |
0.010-0.014 |
3.6-3.7 |
triklinik |
-
|
Skapolit |
Rz |
K |
T |
S |
Y |
M |
Kr |
-
|
-
|
6 |
1.54-1.58 U- |
0.004-0.037 |
2.50-2.74 |
tetragonal |
-
|
Serpantin |
-
|
-
|
-
|
S |
Y |
-
|
Kr |
Be |
Si |
5 |
1.56 |
AGG |
2.6 |
monoklinik |
-
|
Sinhalit |
-
|
-
|
-
|
S |
-
|
-
|
Kr |
-
|
-
|
6 1/2 |
1.67-1.71 B- |
0.038 |
3.47-3.50 |
ortorombik |
-
|
Sodalit |
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
M |
-
|
Vi |
-
|
5 1/2 - 6 |
1.48 |
I veya AGG |
2.3 |
kübik |
-
|
Spodumen |
Rz |
K |
T |
S |
Y |
M |
-
|
Vi |
Gr |
7 |
1.66-1.68 B+ |
0.015-0.016 |
3.17-3.19 |
monoklinik |
-
|
Spinel |
Mr |
K |
T |
|
Y |
M |
|
Vi |
Si |
8 |
1.712 |
I |
3.60 |
kübik |
Al(F,OH)2SiO4 |
Tanzanit (zoizit) |
-
|
-
|
T |
-
|
Y |
M |
Kr |
Vi |
Gr |
6 1/2 |
1.69-1.70 B+ |
0.006-0.013 |
3.15-3.38 |
ortorombik |
-
|
Topaz |
Rz |
K |
T |
S |
-
|
M |
Kr |
Vi |
-
|
8 |
1.61to1.64 B |
0.008-0.010 |
3.53 |
ortorombik |
Al2(Fe,OH)2SiO4
|
Turmalin |
-
|
K |
T |
S |
Y |
M |
Kr |
Vi |
Si |
7 |
1.62to1.65 U |
0.018 |
3.01to3.11 |
trigonal |
-
|
Türkuaz |
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
Y |
M |
-
|
-
|
-
|
5 1/2 - 6 |
1.62 |
AGG |
2.6-2.9 |
triklinik |
NaAl(SiO3) |
Yeşim |
Be |
K |
T |
S |
Y |
M |
Kr |
Vi |
Si |
7 |
1.65to1.67 |
AGG |
3.30-3.36 |
monoklinik |
NaAl(SiO3)2 |
Zirkon |
Rz |
K |
T |
S |
Y |
M |
Kr |
-
|
-
|
6 1/2 - 7 1/2 |
(1.78-1.84)(1.93-1.99)U |
0.059 |
3.9to4.7 |
tetragonal |
ZrSiO4
|
|